Primary Maths
All topics for Class 1–5 — CBSE & UP Board. Arranged in the right learning order, independent of any textbook.
Numbers & Number System
Counting, place value, comparing, ordering and number patterns — the foundation everything else in mathematics is built on.
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Counting Objects & Writing Numbers (1 to 1000)
Class 1 & 2
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Number Names in Words (up to 9,999)
Class 2 & 3
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Even & Odd Numbers
Class 1 & 2
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Before, After & Between Numbers
Class 1 & 2
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Skip Counting (by 2s, 5s, 10s, 100s)
Class 1 & 2
► Open Counting & Number Names
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Place Value & Face Value (Ones, Tens, Hundreds, Thousands)
Class 2 & 3
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Expanded Form & Standard Form of Numbers
Class 3 & 4
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Writing Numbers using Place Value Blocks / Charts
Class 2 & 3
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Indian Place Value System — Lakhs & Crores
Class 4 & 5
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International Place Value System — Millions & Billions
Class 5 & 6
► Open Place Value & Face Value
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Comparing Numbers using >, <, =
Class 1–3
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Ascending & Descending Order
Class 2–4
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Greatest & Smallest Numbers from Given Digits
Class 3–4
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Roman Numerals (I to C) — Reading & Writing
Class 4 & 5
► Open Comparing, Ordering & Roman Numerals
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Representing Numbers on a Number Line
Class 1 & 2
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Comparing Numbers using Number Line
Class 1 & 2
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Finding Missing Numbers on Number Line
Class 1 & 2
► Open Numbers on a Number Line
Add, Subtract, Multiply & Divide
Learn the four fundamental operations of maths — addition, subtraction, multiplication and division — step by step from basic concepts to multi-digit calculations.
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What is Addition? — Meaning & Examples
Class 1
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Addition using Objects, Pictures & Number Line
Class 1 & 2
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Addition without Carry (2–3 Digit Numbers)
Class 2 & 3
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Addition with Carry / Regrouping
Class 2, 3 & 4
► Open Addition Topics
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What is Subtraction? — Meaning & Examples
Class 1
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Subtraction using Objects, Pictures & Number Line
Class 1 & 2
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Subtraction without Borrowing
Class 2 & 3
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Subtraction with Borrowing / Regrouping
Class 2, 3 & 4
► Open Subtraction Topics
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What is Multiplication? — Repeated Addition
Class 2
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Multiplication using Equal Groups & Arrays
Class 2 & 3
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Multiplication Tables (2–12)
Class 2 to 4
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Multiplying 2–3 Digit Numbers
Class 3, 4 & 5
► Open Multiplication Topics
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What is Division? — Equal Sharing & Grouping
Class 2
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Division using Multiplication Tables
Class 3
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Long Division Method
Class 4 & 5
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Quotient and Remainder
Class 3, 4 & 5
► Open Division Topics
Factors, Multiples, HCF & LCM
Learn factors and multiples, prime numbers, divisibility rules, and how to find HCF and LCM — important number concepts used in many maths problems.
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Factors and Multiples of a Number
Class 4 & 5
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Prime and Composite Numbers
Class 4 & 5
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Prime Factorisation
Class 5
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Factor Tree Method
Class 5
► Open Factors, Multiples & Prime Numbers
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Divisibility Rules for 2, 3, and 4
Class 4 & 5
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Divisibility Rules for 5, 6, and 7
Class 4 & 5
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Divisibility Rules for 8, 9, and 10
Class 4 & 5
► Open Divisibility Rules
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HCF by Listing Factors Method
Class 5
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HCF by Prime Factorisation Method
Class 5
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HCF by Division Method
Class 5
► Open HCF Topics
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LCM by Listing Multiples Method
Class 5
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LCM by Prime Factorisation Method
Class 5
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LCM by Division Method
Class 5
► Open LCM Topics
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Relationship between HCF and LCM
Class 5
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Finding LCM using HCF
Class 5
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Finding HCF using LCM
Class 5
► Open HCF–LCM Relationship Topics
Fractions, Decimals & Percentage
Understanding parts of a whole and different ways to represent numbers — fractions, decimals and percentages.
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Introduction to Fractions — Numerator & Denominator
Class 2 & 3
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Types of Fractions — Proper, Improper & Mixed
Class 3 & 4
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Equivalent Fractions & Simplest Form
Class 4 & 5
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Addition & Subtraction of Fractions
Class 4 & 5
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Multiplication of Fractions
Class 5
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Division of Fractions
Class 5
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Fractions on a Number Line
Class 3, 4 & 5
► Open Fractions Topics
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Introduction to Decimals
Class 4
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Decimal Place Value & Expanded Form
Class 4 & 5
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Ordering Decimals — Ascending & Descending
Class 4 & 5
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Addition & Subtraction of Decimals
Class 5
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Multiplication & Division of Decimals
Class 5
► Open Decimals Topics
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Introduction to Percentage — Meaning of Percent
Class 5
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Finding Percentage of a Quantity
Class 5
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Finding the Quantity from Percentage
Class 5
► Open Percentage Topics
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Fraction to Decimal Conversion
Class 4 & 5
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Decimal to Fraction Conversion
Class 4 & 5
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Decimal to Percentage Conversion
Class 5
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Percentage to Decimal Conversion
Class 5
► Open Conversion Topics
Comparing Quantities
Understanding relationships between quantities — average, ratios, unitary method, profit & loss and simple interest.
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Average — Meaning & Formula
Class 5
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Finding Average of Numbers
Class 5
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Finding Missing Value using Average
Class 5
► Open Average Topics
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Ratio — Meaning, Writing & Simplifying Ratios
Class 5
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Proportion — Concept & Cross Multiplication
Class 5
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Unitary Method — Basic Concept
Class 4 & 5
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Unitary Method — Multi-step Problems
Class 4 & 5
► Open Ratio & Proportion Topics
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Cost Price, Selling Price — Profit & Loss Concept
Class 5
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Profit & Loss Percentage
Class 5
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Simple Interest — Formula & Calculation
Class 5
► Open Commercial Arithmetic Topics
Basic Algebra & Simple Equations
Understanding variables, algebraic expressions and balancing equations — the first step into algebra.
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What is a Variable?
Class 4 & 5
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Using Letters for Unknown Numbers
Class 4 & 5
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Algebraic Expressions — Addition
Class 5
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Algebraic Expressions — Subtraction
Class 5
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Algebraic Simplification (Like Terms)
Class 5
► Open Introduction to Algebra
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What is an Equation? (Left Side = Right Side)
Class 4 & 5
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Finding the Unknown — Trial Method
Class 4 & 5
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Finding the Unknown — Balance Method
Class 5
► Open Simple Equations Topics
Measurement & Everyday Maths
Length, weight, capacity, time, money and temperature — measuring the real world using standard units.
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Measuring Length — mm, cm, m, km & Conversions
Class 2 to 5
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Measuring Weight — g & kg & Conversions
Class 2 to 4
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Measuring Capacity — ml & L & Conversions
Class 2 to 4
► Open Length, Weight & Capacity
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Reading Clock — Analogue, Digital, AM/PM & 24-Hour
Class 1 to 5
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Time Units & Conversions — Seconds, Minutes & Hours
Class 3 & 4
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Days, Weeks, Months & Years — Calendar Reading
Class 1, 2 & 3
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Calculating Time Duration & Elapsed Time
Class 4 & 5
► Open Time & Calendar Topics
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Indian Currency — Coins & Notes
Class 1 to 3
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Buy & Sell Using Money
Class 2 to 4
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Addition & Subtraction of Money
Class 3 to 5
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Temperature — Reading Thermometer (°C)
Class 4 & 5
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Celsius & Fahrenheit — Formula & Conversion
Class 5
► Open Money & Temperature Topics
Geometry — Shapes & Properties
Lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, circles and 3D shapes — understanding the properties of every shape from Class 1 to Class 5.
●Point, Line, Line Segment & RayClass 4 & 5
●Types of Angles — Acute, Obtuse, Right, Straight, Reflex & CompleteClass 4 & 5
●Parallel, Perpendicular & Intersecting LinesClass 4 & 5
●Pairs of Angles — Complementary, Supplementary & AdjacentClass 5
► Open Lines & Angles Topics
●Types of Triangles — Based on Sides (Scalene, Isosceles, Equilateral)Class 4 & 5
●Types of Triangles — Based on Angles (Acute, Obtuse, Right-Angled)Class 4 & 5
●Angle Sum Property of a Triangle (Sum = 180°)Class 4 & 5
●Properties of Isosceles & Equilateral Triangles — Equal Sides & Equal Opposite AnglesClass 4 & 5
●Pythagoras Theorem — Introduction & Simple ProblemsClass 5
► Open Triangles Topics
●Introduction to Quadrilaterals & Angle Sum Property (Sum = 360°)Class 3, 4 & 5
●Square — Properties, Sides & AnglesClass 2, 3 & 4
●Rectangle — Properties, Sides & AnglesClass 2, 3 & 4
●Rhombus — Properties & Difference from SquareClass 4 & 5
●Parallelogram — Properties & Difference from RectangleClass 4 & 5
●Trapezium — Properties & TypesClass 4 & 5
●Kite — Properties & DiagonalsClass 5
► Open Quadrilaterals Topics
●Pentagon, Hexagon, Heptagon & Octagon — IntroductionClass 3, 4 & 5
●Regular vs Irregular PolygonsClass 4 & 5
●Interior Angles of Regular PolygonsClass 5
► Open Higher Polygons Topics
●Centre, Radius, Diameter & Chord of a CircleClass 4 & 5
●Arc, Sector & Semicircle — Parts of a CircleClass 5
●Relationship Between Radius & DiameterClass 4 & 5
► Open Circles Topics
●Introduction — Cube, Cuboid, Cone, Cylinder & SphereClass 2, 3 & 4
●Faces, Edges & Vertices of 3D ShapesClass 4 & 5
●Nets of 3D Shapes — Unfolding & IdentifyingClass 5
► Open 3D Shapes Topics
●Line Symmetry — In Shapes, Letters & ObjectsClass 3, 4 & 5
●Rotational Symmetry — Order & ExamplesClass 4 & 5
●Radial Symmetry — In Nature & ShapesClass 5
► Open Symmetry Topics
Geometry — Perimeter & Area
Finding perimeter and area of squares, rectangles, triangles, polygons and circles — with formulas, word problems and missing value problems.
●Perimeter of Square & Rectangle — Formula & Word ProblemsClass 3 & 4
●Perimeter of Triangle — Formula & Word ProblemsClass 4 & 5
●Perimeter of Other Polygons & Mixed Word ProblemsClass 4 & 5
► Open Perimeter Topics
●Area of Square & Rectangle — Formula & Word ProblemsClass 3 & 4
●Area of Triangle — Formula & Word ProblemsClass 4 & 5
●Area of Parallelogram & RhombusClass 5
●Area of Other Polygons & Mixed Word ProblemsClass 5
► Open Area Topics
●Circumference of a Circle — Formula & ProblemsClass 5
●Area of a Circle — Formula & Word ProblemsClass 5
► Open Circle Mensuration Topics
●Finding Missing Side When Perimeter is GivenClass 4 & 5
●Finding Missing Side When Area is GivenClass 4 & 5
●Mixed Word Problems — Perimeter & Area TogetherClass 5
► Open Missing Values Topics
Geometry — Construction
Drawing and measuring line segments, angles, circles and bisectors accurately using ruler, compass and protractor.
●Drawing & Measuring Line Segments using RulerClass 3 & 4
●Drawing & Measuring Angles using ProtractorClass 4 & 5
●Drawing Parallel & Perpendicular LinesClass 4 & 5
► Open Basic Construction Topics
●Drawing Circles & Arcs using CompassClass 4 & 5
●Constructing Angles of 60°, 90° & 120°Class 5
●Bisecting a Line SegmentClass 5
●Bisecting an AngleClass 5
► Open Compass Construction Topics
Patterns & Data Handling
Spotting number and shape patterns, reading tally marks, pictographs and bar graphs — building logical thinking from Class 1 to Class 5.
●Number Patterns — Even, Odd & Skip Counting SequencesClass 1 to 4
●Shape & Colour Patterns — Repeating & GrowingClass 1, 2 & 3
●Magic Squares & Number PuzzlesClass 3, 4 & 5
► Open Patterns Topics
●Collecting Data & Tally Marks — Frequency TablesClass 3 & 4
●Pictographs — Reading & DrawingClass 3 & 4
●Bar Graphs — Reading & DrawingClass 4 & 5
► Open Data Handling Topics
PRIMARY MATHS · CLASS 1–5 · CBSE & UP BOARD
12 SECTIONS · 90+ TOPICS