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Content updated on 24 April 2026
How do you reduce a 300‑word passage to just 100 words without losing its essence? Precis writing is a skill that tests your ability to understand, extract, and condense. This lesson for Class 11 and 12 students will guide you through the rules of precis writing, how to identify the central idea, and how to rewrite it in your own words concisely and accurately. Mastering this skill will not only help you score well in exams but also sharpen your overall comprehension and expression.
✅ Recommended for: Class 11–12 (Compression & Clarity) | CBSE & UP Board
In this post you will get:
(Click any topic to jump straight to that section)
Precis writing is the natural next step after note making. Strengthen your foundation with Note Making and improve your vocabulary with Vocabulary Building. For Hindi summarisation, see Anuchhed Lekhan (เค
เคจुเค्เคेเคฆ เคฒेเคเคจ).
1. What is Precis Writing?
A precis (pronounced "pray‑see") is a concise summary of a given passage that retains its central idea, tone, and essential points. Unlike note making, which uses abbreviations and point form, a precis is written in continuous prose—full sentences in your own words. The length is usually one‑third of the original passage. In exams, you'll be asked to write a precis of about 100‑120 words and also provide a suitable title.
2. Golden Rules of Precis Writing
- One‑third rule: The precis should be roughly one‑third the length of the original.
- Own words: Do not copy phrases from the passage. Paraphrase.
- No personal opinion: Stick to the author's ideas. Don't add your own comments.
- Retain the tone: If the passage is serious, your precis must be serious. If humorous, retain that lightness.
- Single paragraph: Write the precis as one continuous paragraph. Do not break it into bullet points.
Precis writing requires excellent paraphrasing skills. Learn to rephrase effectively with Sentence Structure and Formal Communication. Practice more with the Precis Writing Worksheet.
3. Step‑by‑Step Method
- Read twice: First reading for overall meaning; second reading to identify key points.
- Identify the central idea: What is the one main message the passage conveys?
- Underline key sentences: Mark the topic sentences of each paragraph.
- Draft the precis: Combine the key ideas into a single paragraph. Use your own words.
- Revise and count: Check for grammar, flow, and word count. Trim if needed.
4. Solved Examples (5 Complete Precis)
Solved Example 1 (Environment)
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
Deforestation is the permanent destruction of forests to make land available for other uses. It is one of the most pressing environmental issues of our time. Trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, acting as the lungs of the planet. When forests are cut down, large amounts of stored carbon are released into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. Moreover, forests are home to 80% of terrestrial biodiversity, and their destruction leads to the extinction of countless species. Soil erosion, disrupted water cycles, and the displacement of indigenous communities are other severe consequences. To combat deforestation, governments must enforce strict laws, promote afforestation, and encourage sustainable agricultural practices.
Write a precis in about 100 words.
Show Solution
๐ PRECIS
The Consequences of Deforestation
Deforestation, the large‑scale removal of forests, poses a grave environmental threat. Trees, which absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen, are vital for regulating climate; their destruction releases stored carbon, accelerating global warming. Additionally, forests harbour 80% of terrestrial biodiversity, and their loss drives species to extinction. Deforestation also causes soil erosion, disrupts water cycles, and displaces indigenous people. To tackle this crisis, governments need to enforce protective legislation, promote tree‑planting drives, and adopt sustainable farming methods.
Word Count: 100
Solved Example 2 (Value of Time)
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
Time is the most precious resource available to humans. Unlike money, it cannot be earned, saved, or borrowed. Every person has 24 hours a day, yet some achieve greatness while others accomplish little. The difference lies in how they utilise their time. Successful people value time; they plan their day, set priorities, and avoid procrastination. They understand that every moment wasted is lost forever. Time management is not about filling every minute with work—it is about making conscious choices that align with one's goals. Students, especially, must learn to balance their studies and leisure. By respecting time, we respect life itself.
Write a precis in about 70 words.
Show Solution
๐ PRECIS
The Value of Time
Time, our most invaluable asset, cannot be recovered once lost. While everyone receives the same 24 hours, what distinguishes achievers from others is how they use it. Effective time management involves planning, setting priorities, and avoiding delays. It is not about constant work but about aligning daily actions with long‑term goals. Students, in particular, must learn this balance. Ultimately, valuing time is equivalent to valuing life.
Word Count: 72
Solved Example 3 (Reading Habit)
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
Reading is not merely a pastime; it is a powerful habit that enriches the mind and soul. Through reading, we gain knowledge, expand our imagination, and encounter different perspectives. Books are our patient teachers—they never get tired of explaining, and we can revisit them as often as we like. A person who reads regularly never feels lonely. In a world increasingly dominated by short‑form digital content, the deep focus required for reading is becoming rare, and that makes the habit even more precious. Parents should introduce children to the joy of books early, not by compulsion but by example. When a child sees a parent reading, they are more likely to pick up a book themselves.
Write a precis in about 80 words.
Show Solution
๐ PRECIS
The Enduring Value of Reading
Reading is a transformative habit that nourishes the mind and spirit. It offers knowledge, stimulates imagination, and provides lifelong companionship through books. In an age of fleeting digital content, the sustained attention that reading demands is diminishing, making the habit more important than ever. To nurture it in children, parents must lead by example rather than force. A child who observes a parent reading naturally develops an interest in books.
Word Count: 80
Solved Example 4 (Sports)
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
Sports are not just about winning medals or setting records. They are a vital component of holistic education. Participation in sports teaches students essential life skills such as teamwork, discipline, and resilience. When a child plays a game, they learn to accept defeat gracefully and to celebrate victories without arrogance. Furthermore, physical activity is crucial for health in an era where children spend increasing hours in front of screens. It reduces the risk of obesity, improves cardiovascular health, and boosts mental well‑being. Schools must, therefore, allocate adequate time for sports and ensure that every student, regardless of athletic ability, gets an opportunity to participate.
Write a precis in about 90 words.
Show Solution
๐ PRECIS
Sports: Beyond Winning
Sports provide far more than medals; they are essential for a well‑rounded education. Through sports, students learn teamwork, discipline, and how to handle both success and failure with maturity. In an age of rising screen time, regular physical activity combats obesity, strengthens the heart, and enhances mental health. Schools have a responsibility to prioritise sports and involve every student, not only the gifted athletes.
Word Count: 80
Solved Example 5 (Honesty)
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
Honesty is a fundamental virtue that builds trust and strengthens relationships. A dishonest person may seem to benefit in the short term, but lies eventually catch up and damage reputation. In contrast, an honest individual earns respect, even in difficult situations. Society functions smoothly when its members are truthful in their dealings. From the classroom to the courtroom, integrity forms the bedrock of a just community. Cultivating honesty begins early, with parents and teachers modelling truthful behaviour. Children who are praised for telling the truth, even when they have made a mistake, learn that integrity is more important than convenience.
Write a precis in about 90 words.
Show Solution
๐ PRECIS
The Cornerstone of Character: Honesty
Honesty is the foundation of trust and stable relationships. While dishonesty may bring temporary gains, it ultimately damages one's reputation, whereas truthful people are respected even in adversity. A truthful society ensures smooth functioning and justice. Instilling this virtue starts in childhood, through the example set by parents and teachers. When children are encouraged to speak the truth despite mistakes, they learn that integrity outweighs convenience.
Word Count: 82
5. Practice Questions (Write Your Own Precis)
Practice Q.1
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
Discipline is the bridge between goals and accomplishment. It is the ability to control one's impulses and stay focused on the task at hand. In the life of a student, discipline translates to regular study, timely submission of assignments, and respect for school rules. Without discipline, talent remains untapped and opportunities slip away. History is filled with examples of brilliant minds who failed because they lacked the discipline to persevere. On the other hand, many moderately talented but highly disciplined individuals have achieved extraordinary success. Discipline, like a muscle, grows stronger with practice. The earlier one cultivates it, the more rewarding the journey of life becomes.
Show Sample Precis
๐ PRECIS
Discipline: The Key to Achievement
Discipline connects ambitions to reality by enabling one to focus and resist distractions. For students, it means consistent study and rule‑following. Without it, even great talent can go to waste, while disciplined individuals of average ability often excel. Like a muscle, discipline can be strengthened through regular practice, and cultivating it early leads to a more fulfilling life.
Word Count: 70
Practice Q.2
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
Kindness is a simple yet profound human quality that has the power to transform lives. A kind word, a helping hand, or a warm smile can make someone's difficult day a little brighter. Unlike material gifts, kindness costs nothing but enriches both the giver and the receiver. In a competitive world, kindness is often mistaken for weakness, but in truth, it requires great strength to be compassionate. Research shows that acts of kindness release hormones that improve mental well‑being. Society thrives when its members are empathetic and willing to support one another.
Show Sample Precis
๐ PRECIS
The Strength of Kindness
Kindness, a quality that requires no money, can deeply impact lives. Small gestures like a kind word or a smile brighten someone's day and strengthen the giver's own mental health. Although often seen as weakness, practising compassion demands real strength. A society flourishes when its members are empathetic and ready to help each other.
Word Count: 68
Practice Q.3
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
The advancement of technology has revolutionised communication, making the world a global village. Instant messaging, video calls, and social media have brought people closer, erasing geographical boundaries. However, this convenience has come at a cost. Face‑to‑face interactions have decreased, and many people now prefer texting over talking. This shift has been linked to rising feelings of loneliness and anxiety, particularly among the youth. While technology should be used to connect, it is important to maintain real‑world relationships and not let screens replace genuine human connection.
Show Sample Precis
๐ PRECIS
Technology and Human Connection
Technology has transformed communication, bridging distances through instant messaging and video calls. Yet, this ease has reduced personal interactions, with many preferring screens over conversations, contributing to loneliness and anxiety among young people. While technology aids connection, it must not replace genuine human relationships.
Word Count: 58
Practice Q.4
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
Water is the most essential natural resource for life. Yet, millions around the world lack access to clean drinking water. Wastage of water in households and agriculture is rampant. Simple steps like fixing leaking taps, using buckets instead of hoses, and rainwater harvesting can make a significant difference. Governments must invest in water‑saving technologies and create awareness campaigns. Every drop saved contributes to the survival of future generations.
Show Sample Precis
๐ PRECIS
Conserving Water for Tomorrow
Despite being vital for life, clean water is scarce for many. Household and agricultural wastage must be addressed through small actions like repairing leaks and harvesting rainwater. Government investment in water‑saving technology and public education is crucial. Every drop preserved secures the future.
Word Count: 55
Practice Q.5
Write a precis of the following passage. Give a suitable title.
๐ Original Passage
Self‑confidence is believing in one's own abilities. It is not something we are born with; it is developed through experience and persistence. Failures are a part of life, and every setback teaches a lesson. Confident people view failures as stepping stones rather than obstacles. They take calculated risks and are not afraid of criticism. Self‑confidence can be built by setting small, achievable goals and celebrating successes. Parents and teachers play a critical role in nurturing this quality in children by offering encouragement and constructive feedback instead of harsh criticism.
Show Sample Precis
๐ PRECIS
Building Self‑Confidence
Self‑confidence stems not from birth but from experience and perseverance. Confident individuals treat failures as learning opportunities and take risks without fearing criticism. It can be cultivated by setting and achieving small goals. Parents and teachers foster it best through encouragement and constructive guidance rather than harshness.
Word Count: 58
๐ More Advanced Writing Skills
- Book/Film Review Guide — Express informed opinions.
- Job Application & Bio‑data — Master professional writing.
- Hindi Grammar Hub — เคธाเคฐ เคฒेเคเคจ เคเคฐ เคต्เคฏाเคเคฐเคฃ।
- Worksheets Master Hub — Practice sheets for every advanced topic.
๐ Precis Writing Worksheet – Class 11 & 12
This worksheet gives you extensive practice in condensing passages into clear, concise summaries. It includes multiple original passages, title‑selection tasks, and full precis writing exercises. Includes 50 questions.
Precis Writing Worksheet »Answer key included • Aligned with CBSE & UP Board curriculum
