Class 1
Class 2
CBSE
UP Board
📘 What's inside:
Concept 1 — Addition using Objects
The most natural way to add is to use real objects — stones, sticks, beads, coins or any countable things. We put both groups together and count everything.
▶ Steps to Add using Objects
- Collect the first group of objects and count them.
- Collect the second group of objects and count them.
- Push both groups together into one pile.
- Count all objects in the pile. That is your sum.
▶ Solved Example 1
Aman has 4 stones. His sister gives him 3 more. How many stones does he have now? Show using objects.
⚫
⚫
⚫
⚫
+
⚫
⚫
⚫
=
7
▲ Aman's 4 stones
▲ Sister's 3 stones
- 1First group: 4 stones (cyan box).
- 2Second group: 3 stones (gold box).
- 3Push together and count all: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Total = 7.
4 + 3 = 7. Aman has 7 stones.
▶ Solved Example 2
Show 5 + 4 using objects and write the addition sentence.
🔴🔴🔴🔴🔴
+
🔵🔵🔵🔵
=
9
- 15 red circles and 4 blue circles.
- 2Count all together: 1, 2, 3 … 9.
5 + 4 = 9
✍ Practice — Concept 1
Q1
Show 6 + 2 using objects. Write the addition sentence and the sum.
▼
Answer
Count all 8 objects. 6 + 2 = 8
⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛
+
⬛⬛
=
8
Q2
A bag has 7 marbles. 3 more marbles are added. Use objects to find the total.
▼
Answer
7 + 3 = 10. The bag now has 10 marbles.
⚪⚪⚪⚪⚪⚪⚪
+
⚪⚪⚪
=
10
Q3
Objects show: ★★★ + ★★★★★ = ? Write the addition sentence.
▼
Answer
3 stars + 5 stars = count all = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
3 + 5 = 8
3 + 5 = 8
Concept 2 — Addition using Pictures
In textbooks, objects are often shown as pictures. We count the pictures in each group and add them. The method is exactly the same as using real objects.
▶ How to Add using Pictures
- Count the pictures in the first group. Write that number.
- Count the pictures in the second group. Write that number.
- Add the two numbers to get the total.
- Write the complete addition sentence.
▶ Solved Example 3
Count the pictures and write the addition sentence.
Group 1: 🍎🍎🍎 Group 2: 🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎
Group 1: 🍎🍎🍎 Group 2: 🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎
🍎🍎🍎
+
🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎
=
8
- 1Count Group 1: 3 apples.
- 2Count Group 2: 5 apples.
- 3Add: 3 + 5 = 8.
3 + 5 = 8
▶ Solved Example 4
A picture shows 4 butterflies on one flower and 6 butterflies on another. Write the addition sentence and find the total.
🦋🦋🦋🦋
+
🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋
=
10
- 1Flower 1: 4 butterflies.
- 2Flower 2: 6 butterflies.
- 34 + 6 = 10.
4 + 6 = 10. There are 10 butterflies in total.
✍ Practice — Concept 2
Q4
Count and add: 🌻🌻🌻🌻 + 🌻🌻🌻 = ?
▼
Answer
4 flowers + 3 flowers = 7 flowers. 4 + 3 = 7.
🌻🌻🌻🌻
+
🌻🌻🌻
=
7
Q5
A picture shows 5 ducks in a pond and 4 ducks on the bank. Write the addition sentence. How many ducks are there in all?
▼
Answer
Addition sentence: 5 + 4 = 9. There are 9 ducks in all.
🦆🦆🦆🦆🦆
+
🦆🦆🦆🦆
=
9
Q6
A picture shows 8 stars and 0 circles. What is the total? What property does this show?
▼
Answer
8 stars + 0 circles = 8.
Addition sentence: 8 + 0 = 8.
This shows the additive identity property — adding zero does not change the number.
Addition sentence: 8 + 0 = 8.
This shows the additive identity property — adding zero does not change the number.
Concept 3 — Addition using Tally Marks
Tally marks are a simple way to count and add without writing numbers. We draw vertical lines and cross every 5th line to make counting easier.
▶ How Tally Marks Work
- Each straight line = 1.
- Every fifth line is drawn diagonally across the previous four = 5.
- To add using tallies: draw tallies for the first number, then draw more tallies for the second number, then count all.
▶ Solved Example 5
Use tally marks to find 5 + 3.
= 5
+
= 3
=
8
- 1Draw 5 tally marks for the first number (a group of 4 + diagonal = 5).
- 2Draw 3 more tally marks for the second number.
- 3Count all tallies: 5 + 3 = 8.
5 + 3 = 8
✍ Practice — Concept 3
Q7
Draw tally marks to find 4 + 5. Count all and write the addition sentence.
▼
Answer
4 + 5 = 9
= 4
+
= 5
=
9
Q8
Tally marks show: |||| (4 marks) and ||||| (5 marks — a group of 5). What is the total?
▼
Answer
First group of tallies = 4.
Second group = 5 (group of four + one diagonal = 5).
Total = 4 + 5 = 9.
Second group = 5 (group of four + one diagonal = 5).
Total = 4 + 5 = 9.
Concept 4 — Addition using a Ten-Frame
A ten-frame is a rectangle with 10 equal boxes arranged in 2 rows of 5. We fill dots into the boxes to show numbers and add them. It helps us see how close a number is to 10.
▶ How to Use a Ten-Frame for Addition
- Fill the first addend with cyan dots from the top-left, filling left to right.
- Fill the second addend with gold dots, continuing from where cyan stopped.
- Count all filled dots = sum.
- If all 10 boxes fill up, the sum is 10 or more.
▶ Solved Example 6
Use a ten-frame to find 6 + 3.
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
- 1Fill 6 cyan dots from top-left.
- 2Fill 3 gold dots continuing from where cyan stopped.
- 3Count all filled dots: 6 + 3 = 9. One box is empty.
6 + 3 = 9
▶ Solved Example 7
Use a ten-frame to find 7 + 3. What do you notice?
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
- 1Fill 7 cyan dots, then 3 gold dots.
- 2All 10 boxes are now full.
- 3When the frame is completely full, the sum = 10.
7 + 3 = 10. The ten-frame is completely filled — a “make 10” pair!
✍ Practice — Concept 4
Q9
A ten-frame shows 5 cyan dots and 4 gold dots. Write the addition sentence and find the sum.
▼
Answer
5 cyan + 4 gold = 9 filled boxes. 1 empty.
5 + 4 = 9
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
5 + 4 = 9
Q10
If 8 boxes are filled in a ten-frame and 2 more dots are added, how many boxes are filled? What is 8 + 2?
▼
Answer
All 10 boxes are filled.
8 + 2 = 10. This is another “make 10” pair.
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
8 + 2 = 10. This is another “make 10” pair.
Concept 5 — Addition using a Number Line
A number line shows numbers in order from left to right. To add on a number line, we start at the first addend and jump forward (to the right) by the number of steps equal to the second addend.
▶ Steps to Add on a Number Line
- Mark the first addend on the number line with a dot.
- Count forward (jump right) by the second addend — one step at a time.
- Draw an arc over each jump.
- The number where you land is the sum.
▶ Solved Example 8
Find 3 + 4 using a number line.
- 1Start at 3 on the number line. Mark it with a dot.
- 2Jump 4 steps to the right: 3 → 4 → 5 → 6 → 7.
- 3We land on 7.
3 + 4 = 7
▶ Solved Example 9
Meena has 5 sweets. She gets 6 more. Use a number line to find the total.
- 1Mark 5 on the number line (Meena's sweets).
- 2Jump 6 steps right: 5 → 6 → 7 → 8 → 9 → 10 → 11.
- 3We land on 11. Total sweets = 11.
5 + 6 = 11. Meena has 11 sweets.
▶ Solved Example 10
Find 8 + 5 using a number line. Write the addition sentence.
- 1Start at 8.
- 2Jump 5 steps right: 8 → 9 → 10 → 11 → 12 → 13.
8 + 5 = 13
✍ Practice — Concept 5
Q11
Use a number line to find 4 + 5.
▼
Answer
Start at 4. Jump 5 right: 4 → 5 → 6 → 7 → 8 → 9.
4 + 5 = 9
4 + 5 = 9
Q12
Raju has 7 marbles. He wins 6 more. Use a number line to find how many he has now.
▼
Answer
Start at 7. Jump 6 right: 7 → 8 → 9 → 10 → 11 → 12 → 13.
7 + 6 = 13. Raju has 13 marbles.
7 + 6 = 13. Raju has 13 marbles.
Q13
A number line shows a jump starting at 6 and landing on 14. What was added? Write the addition sentence.
▼
Answer
Start = 6. Land = 14. Number of jumps = 14 − 6 = 8.
6 + 8 = 14
6 + 8 = 14
★ Key Points to Remember
- Objects: Push two groups together and count all.
- Pictures: Count each group in the picture, then add.
- Tally marks: Draw lines for each group, count all marks.
- Ten-frame: Fill cyan dots first, then gold dots. Count all filled boxes.
- Number line: Start at the first addend, jump right by the second addend, land on the sum.
- All methods give the same answer — choose whichever is easiest for you.
Exam Style — Class 1 & 2
5 Questions on Addition using Objects, Pictures & Number Line
Q1
Count the pictures and write the addition sentence: 🍎🍎🍎🍎 and 🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎
▼
Answer
Group 1 = 4 apples. Group 2 = 6 apples.
4 + 6 = 10
🍎🍎🍎🍎
+
🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎
=
10
4 + 6 = 10
Q2
Use a number line to find: (a) 6 + 4 (b) 9 + 3
▼
Answer
(a) Start at 6, jump 4 right: 7, 8, 9, 10. 6 + 4 = 10
(b) Start at 9, jump 3 right: 10, 11, 12. 9 + 3 = 12
Q3
A ten-frame has 4 cyan dots. How many more dots (gold) are needed to make 10? Write the addition sentence.
▼
Answer
4 cyan + 6 gold = 10 (frame full).
Addition sentence: 4 + 6 = 10.
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
⬤
Addition sentence: 4 + 6 = 10.
Q4
Tina saw 6 birds on a tree. Then 5 more birds came. Show this addition on a number line and write the addition sentence.
▼
Answer
Start at 6 (Tina's birds). Jump 5 right: 7, 8, 9, 10, 11.
6 + 5 = 11. There are 11 birds on the tree.
6 + 5 = 11. There are 11 birds on the tree.
Q5
Which method would you use to show 8 + 7? Use it and find the answer. Explain why you chose that method.
▼
Answer
Best method: number line (for larger numbers it is clearest).
Start at 8, jump 7 right: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.
8 + 7 = 15.
The number line shows each jump clearly and is easy to follow for larger numbers.
8 + 7 = 15.
The number line shows each jump clearly and is easy to follow for larger numbers.
📄 Free Worksheet
Practise adding using pictures, ten-frames and number lines with our free printable worksheet for Class 1 and 2. No login required.
► Open Free Worksheet
