Chapter 3 - The Making of a Global World – Class 10 History Important MCQ's (CBSE)

🧠 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) - Chapter 3: The Making of a Global World

Practice these 30 carefully selected MCQs covering all key concepts from the chapter. Includes standard, assertion-reasoning, and case-based questions as per latest CBSE pattern. Perfect for quick revision and self-assessment.

Standard MCQs (1 Mark Each)

Choose the single correct option for questions 1 to 15.

The "Silk Routes" were important because they linked:

(a) Asia with Europe and Northern Africa

(b) Only China with India

(c) Europe with Americas

(d) Africa with Australia

Answer: (a) Asia with Europe and Northern Africa
Explanation: Silk Routes were networks of trade routes connecting Asia, Europe, and North Africa since ancient times.
Which disease killed millions of Native Americans after European contact?

(a) Smallpox

(b) Malaria

(c) Cholera

(d) Typhoid

Answer: (a) Smallpox
Explanation: Smallpox brought by Europeans decimated Native American populations who had no immunity.
The "Corn Laws" were abolished in Britain in:

(a) 1846

(b) 1857

(c) 1873

(d) 1885

Answer: (a) 1846
Explanation: Corn Laws restricting grain imports were repealed in 1846, leading to cheaper food imports.
The "Great Depression" began in:

(a) 1914

(b) 1929

(c) 1939

(d) 1945

Answer: (b) 1929
Explanation: The Great Depression started with the Wall Street Crash in October 1929.
Which country was NOT part of the Allied Powers in WWI?

(a) Britain

(b) France

(c) Germany

(d) Russia

Answer: (c) Germany
Explanation: Germany was part of the Central Powers (with Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire).
The "Bretton Woods Conference" established:

(a) United Nations

(b) IMF and World Bank

(c) League of Nations

(d) WTO

Answer: (b) IMF and World Bank
Explanation: The 1944 Bretton Woods Conference created IMF and World Bank to ensure economic stability.
The "Indentured labour" system involved migration from:

(a) Europe to Americas

(b) India to Caribbean colonies

(c) Africa to Australia

(d) China to Europe

Answer: (b) India to Caribbean colonies
Explanation: Indentured labourers from India worked in Caribbean, Mauritius, Fiji after slavery abolition.
The "Rinderpest" epidemic affected:

(a) Human population in Europe

(b) Cattle in Africa

(c) Potato crops in Ireland

(d) Silk production in China

Answer: (b) Cattle in Africa
Explanation: Rinderpest (cattle plague) in 1890s Africa killed 90% of cattle, devastating local economies.
The "Assembly line" production was pioneered by:

(a) Henry Ford

(b) Thomas Edison

(c) John D. Rockefeller

(d) Andrew Carnegie

Answer: (a) Henry Ford
Explanation: Henry Ford introduced assembly line in car manufacturing, revolutionizing mass production.
The "Gold Standard" meant:

(a) Currency value fixed to gold

(b) Only gold coins as currency

(c) Gold mines controlled by government

(d) International trade in gold only

Answer: (a) Currency value fixed to gold
Explanation: Under gold standard, currency values were pegged to gold, facilitating international trade.
The "Irish Potato Famine" occurred in:

(a) 1840s

(b) 1860s

(c) 1880s

(d) 1900s

Answer: (a) 1840s
Explanation: The Great Irish Potato Famine (1845-49) caused mass starvation and emigration.
The "OPEC" is an organization of:

(a) European countries

(b) Oil exporting countries

(c) Asian manufacturers

(d) African nations

Answer: (b) Oil exporting countries
Explanation: OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) controls oil production and prices.
The "Banana Republics" referred to:

(a) Democratic African nations

(b) Central American countries controlled by US fruit companies

(c) Southeast Asian rice exporters

(d) European colonial powers

Answer: (b) Central American countries controlled by US fruit companies
Explanation: Term for politically unstable countries dependent on banana exports, dominated by US corporations.
The "G-77" group was formed by:

(a) Developed nations

(b) Developing nations

(c) Communist countries

(d) Oil producing countries

Answer: (b) Developing nations
Explanation: Group of 77 developing countries formed to promote collective economic interests.
The "19th century global agricultural economy" was characterized by:

(a) Self-sufficient peasant farming

(b) Food imports into Europe

(c) Diversification of crops worldwide

(d) Declining trade in agricultural goods

Answer: (b) Food imports into Europe
Explanation: Europe became dependent on food imports from Americas, Australia, and Eastern Europe.

Assertion-Reasoning Questions (1 Mark Each)

Directions: For questions 16 to 25, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

(d) A is false but R is true

Assertion (A): The pre-modern world saw limited cultural exchange between different regions.
Reason (R): Travel was slow, difficult, and expensive before the 19th century.
Answer: (d) A is false but R is true
Explanation: Actually, significant cultural exchanges occurred through Silk Routes, migrations, and religious travelers despite slow travel.
Assertion (A): The discovery of America transformed global trade patterns.
Reason (R): America provided Europe with precious metals like silver and gold.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation: American silver flooded global markets, facilitating trade between Europe and Asia.
Assertion (A): The 19th century witnessed large-scale migration from Europe to Americas.
Reason (R): Industrial growth in Europe created surplus population needing employment abroad.
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
Explanation: While both are true, migration was driven more by poverty, famine, and unemployment rather than industrial surplus.
Assertion (A): The Great Depression affected economies worldwide.
Reason (R): The US economy was completely isolated from other countries in the 1920s.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false
Explanation: The Depression spread globally precisely because economies were interconnected, not isolated.
Assertion (A): The Bretton Woods system collapsed in the early 1970s.
Reason (R): The US suspended convertibility of dollar into gold in 1971.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation: President Nixon ended dollar-gold convertibility in 1971, leading to collapse of fixed exchange rate system.
Assertion (A): The "assembly line" increased industrial productivity dramatically.
Reason (R): It allowed each worker to perform multiple complex tasks efficiently.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false
Explanation: Assembly line increased productivity by simplifying tasks (each worker did one simple task repeatedly).
Assertion (A): Indentured labour was called "a new system of slavery".
Reason (R): Labourers had contracts and legal rights unlike slaves.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false
Explanation: Indentured labour was called new slavery because despite contracts, conditions were harsh with limited rights.
Assertion (A): The "Rinderpest" epidemic enabled European colonizers to conquer Africa.
Reason (R): The disease killed African livestock, destroying local economies and livelihoods.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation: Rinderpest devastated African pastoral economies, making communities vulnerable to colonial conquest.
Assertion (A): Global agricultural economy in 19th century led to ecological changes.
Reason (R): Forests were cleared for plantations and pasture lands expanded.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation: Expansion of agriculture for global markets caused deforestation and environmental transformation.
Assertion (A): The G-77 demanded a New International Economic Order (NIEO).
Reason (R): Developing countries wanted better terms of trade and control over natural resources.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation: NIEO aimed to give developing countries fairer share in global economy and resource control.

Case-Based Questions (1 Mark Each)

For questions 26 to 30, read the case/source carefully and answer.

Case: "In the 19th century, thousands of Indian indentured labourers crossed the 'kala pani' (black waters) to work in Caribbean plantations."
What does this indicate about the global economy of that time?

(a) Voluntary migration for better opportunities

(b) Colonial exploitation of cheap labour

(c) Cultural exchange programs

(d) Religious pilgrimages

Answer: (b) Colonial exploitation of cheap labour
Explanation: Indentured labour replaced slavery as a system to supply cheap workers to colonial plantations.
Case: Study the following data about global trade (1913):

Region Share in World Trade (%) Main Exports

Europe 58.4 Manufactured goods

Asia 11.8 Raw materials, spices

Africa 3.7 Minerals, palm oil

Americas 21.1 Food grains, meat

What pattern of global trade does this data reveal?

(a) Balanced trade between all regions

(b) Europe dominating trade with manufactured goods

(c) Asia as the largest trading region

(d) Africa as major exporter of manufactured goods

Answer: (b) Europe dominating trade with manufactured goods
Explanation: Data shows Europe's dominance with over half of world trade, exporting manufactured goods while others exported raw materials.
Case: "When Britain sneezes, the rest of the world catches cold." - 19th century saying
This saying reflects Britain's position as:

(a) Military superpower

(b) Cultural center

(c) Economic leader

(d) Religious authority

Answer: (c) Economic leader
Explanation: Britain as the first industrial nation and financial center influenced global economy significantly.
Case: "The Great Depression led to widespread unemployment. In the US, unemployment rose to 25%. Germany was also severely affected."
What was a major consequence of this economic crisis?

(a) Increased international cooperation

(b) Rise of protectionist policies

(c) Expansion of free trade

(d) Growth of colonial empires

Answer: (b) Rise of protectionist policies
Explanation: Countries raised trade barriers to protect domestic industries, worsening global trade.

Region	Share in World Trade (%)	Main Exports
Europe	58.4	Manufactured goods
Asia	11.8	Raw materials, spices
Africa	3.7	Minerals, palm oil
Americas	21.1	Food grains, meat

Case: Read about the "Bretton Woods twins":

Institution	Established	Main Purpose
International Monetary Fund (IMF)	1944	Ensure stability of international monetary system
World Bank	1944	Provide loans for postwar reconstruction and development

What was the historical context for establishing these institutions?

(a) Lessons from Great Depression and WWII

(b) Cold War competition

(d) OPEC oil crisis

Answer: (a) Lessons from Great Depression and WWII
Explanation: They were created to prevent economic crises like the 1930s Depression and fund postwar recovery.

📝 How to Use This Section Effectively

First attempt: Try all questions without looking at answers

Check answers: Compare your responses with provided answers

Review mistakes: For wrong answers, revisit the related concept in Smart Notes

Time yourself: Aim to complete 30 MCQs within 20-25 minutes

Revise regularly: Re-attempt questions you found difficult after 2-3 days

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