Ch4 - The Age of Industrialisation - Class 10 History | Test Yourself | GPN

Test Yourself: The Age of Industrialisation

Attempt all questions to assess your preparation. This self‑test covers the entire chapter and follows the CBSE exam pattern. Answers are given at the end. Use the scoring table to evaluate your performance.

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📝 PART A: FILL IN THE BLANKS (30 Questions, 1 mark each)

1. Proto-industrialisation refers to large-scale industrial production for ______________ market that existed even before factories .
2. In the 17th-18th centuries, merchants moved to the countryside because urban ______________ were powerful and restricted new entrants .
3. ______________ peasants eagerly agreed to work for merchants as they had tiny plots and needed alternative income .
4. The earliest factories in England came up by the ______________ .
5. James Hargreaves invented the ______________ in 1764 .
6. Richard Arkwright created the ______________ mill, bringing all processes under one roof .
7. James Watt improved the ______________ engine and patented it in 1781 .
8. In 1760, Britain imported ______________ million pounds of raw cotton .
9. By 1787, Britain's raw cotton import soared to ______________ million pounds .
10. At the beginning of the 19th century, there were only ______________ steam engines in all of England .
11. By 1873, Britain exported iron and steel worth £77 million – ______________ the value of cotton export .
12. Even at the end of the 19th century, less than ______________ % of total workforce was employed in technologically advanced sectors .
13. In Victorian Britain, the upper classes preferred ______________ -made products as they symbolised refinement and class .
14. At the best of times till the mid-19th century, about ______________ % of urban population in Britain were extremely poor .
15. After the 1840s, workers employed in the ______________ industry doubled due to building activity .
16. The port of ______________ on the Gujarat coast connected India to the Gulf and Red Sea ports .
17. The East India Company appointed paid servants called ______________ to supervise weavers .
18. Weavers were given ______________ to purchase raw material, which tied them to the Company .
19. In 1811-12, piece-goods accounted for ______________ % of India's exports .
20. By 1850-51, Indian textile exports were no more than ______________ % .
21. The first cotton mill in Bombay came up in the year ______________ .
22. The first jute mill in Bengal was set up in ______________ .
23. The Elgin Mill was started in Kanpur in the ______________ .
24. The first cotton mill of Ahmedabad was set up in ______________ .
25. The first spinning and weaving mill of Madras began production in ______________ .
26. _____________ Tagore set up six joint-stock companies in the 1830s-40s in Bengal .
27. Seth Hukumchand set up the first Indian jute mill in Calcutta in ______________ .
28. In 1901, there were ______________ workers in Indian factories .
29. By 1946, the number of factory workers in India was over ______________ .
30. By 1941, over ______________ % of handlooms in India were fitted with fly shuttles .

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📚 Quick Access to Other Class 10 SST Chapters:

• Geo Ch4 – Agriculture
• Civics Ch4 – Gender, Religion & Caste
• Eco Ch4 – Globalisation and the Indian Economy

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📝 PART B: ONE WORD ANSWER (15 Questions, 1 mark each)

1. What was the phase of pre-factory industrial production in the countryside called? ______________
2. Who invented the Spinning Jenny in 1764? ______________
3. Who created the first cotton mill bringing all processes under one roof? ______________
4. Who improved the steam engine and patented it in 1781? ______________
5. What were the supervisors appointed by the East India Company to oversee weavers called? ______________
6. What was the bonded labour system under which Indians went to the Caribbean called? ______________
7. What was the forced labour that villagers had to contribute without payment? ______________
8. In which city was the first cotton mill of India set up in 1854? ______________
9. Where was the first jute mill set up in 1855? ______________
10. Which Marwari businessman set up the first Indian jute mill in Calcutta in 1917? ______________
11. Who set up the first iron and steel works in India at Jamshedpur in 1912? ______________
12. What was the old trusted worker called who recruited labour for Indian factories? ______________
13. What mechanical device increased the productivity of handloom weavers? ______________
14. Which port in Gujarat declined by the end of the 18th century? ______________
15. Which Indian banker community financed export agriculture in Southeast Asia? ______________

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📝 PART C: TRUE OR FALSE (15 Questions, 1 mark each)

1. Proto-industrialisation refers to factory-based industrial production. ______________
2. Urban trade guilds encouraged new merchants to set up business in towns. ______________
3. The Spinning Jenny increased the demand for hand spinners. ______________
4. By the end of the 19th century, most of Britain's workforce was employed in factories. ______________
5. In Victorian Britain, the upper classes preferred machine-made goods. ______________
6. The port of Surat grew in importance under British rule. ______________
7. Gomasthas were local merchants with close ties to weavers. ______________
8. The system of advances gave weavers freedom to sell to anyone. ______________
9. Indian textile exports increased dramatically between 1812 and 1871. ______________
10. The first cotton mill in India was set up in Bombay in 1854. ______________
11. Dwarkanath Tagore's enterprises flourished throughout the 19th century. ______________
12. Jobbers were old trusted workers who recruited labour from villages. ______________
13. The fly shuttle reduced the productivity of handloom weavers. ______________
14. Manchester labels in India often used images of Indian gods. ______________
15. After the First World War, Manchester recaptured its old position in the Indian market. ______________

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📖 Continue Your Journey: Next, explore Chapter 5: Print Culture and the Modern World

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🔑 ANSWER KEY

Part A: Fill in the Blanks

1. international
2. trade guilds
3. poor
4. 1730s
5. Spinning Jenny
6. cotton
7. steam
8. 2.5
9. 22
10. 321
11. double
12. 20
13. hand
14. 10
15. transport
16. Surat
17. gomasthas
18. advances
19. 33
20. 3
21. 1854
22. 1855
23. 1860s
24. 1861
25. 1874
26. Dwarkanath
27. 1917
28. 584,000
29. 2,436,000
30. 35

Part B: One Word Answer

1. Proto-industrialisation
2. James Hargreaves
3. Richard Arkwright
4. James Watt
5. Gomasthas
6. Indentured labour
7. Begar
8. Bombay / Mumbai
9. Calcutta / Kolkata
10. Seth Hukumchand
11. J.N. Tata / Jamsetjee Tata
12. Jobber
13. Fly shuttle
14. Surat
15. Nattukottai Chettiars / Shikaripuri Shroffs

Part C: True or False

1. False – Proto-industrialisation was pre-factory production in countryside households .
2. False – Guilds restricted new entrants and controlled production, making it difficult for new merchants .
3. False – It reduced labour demand, leading to attacks by women workers .
4. False – Less than 20% of workforce was in technologically advanced sectors; most were in traditional crafts .
5. False – They preferred handmade goods as they symbolised refinement and class .
6. False – Surat declined as Bombay and Calcutta grew under British control .
7. False – Gomasthas were outsiders with no social links to villages .
8. False – Advances tied weavers to the Company; they lost freedom to bargain .
9. False – Textile exports declined; raw material exports increased .
10. True – The first cotton mill in India was set up in Bombay in 1854 .
11. False – His enterprises sank in the business crises of the 1840s .
12. True – Jobbers recruited from their villages and helped workers settle .
13. False – It increased productivity per worker .
14. True – They used images of gods to make foreign goods familiar .
15. False – Manchester could never recapture its old position after WWI .

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📊 SCORING TABLE

Total marks: 60 (30+15+15). Calculate your score and check your performance level below:

Marks Obtained	Performance Level
54‑60	🌟 Outstanding – You have mastered the chapter!
48‑53	✨ Excellent – Strong grasp, ready for board exams
42‑47	📘 Good – Need to revise a few topics
36‑41	📝 Average – Focus on dates, names, and key events
Below 36	⚠️ Needs Revision – Study the Smart Notes again carefully

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📌 ANALYSIS BY SECTION

• Part A (Fill in the blanks): Tests your recall of specific dates, percentages, and key terms. If you scored low here, create flashcards for all numbers (1730s, 1764, 1854, 321, 584,000, 2,436,000, 35%) and terms (gomastha, jobber, fly shuttle, proto-industrialisation).
• Part B (One word answer): Tests your ability to identify key personalities, places, and concepts. Practice writing one-line definitions for terms like proto-industrialisation, gomastha, jobber, fly shuttle.
• Part C (True/False): Tests your understanding of common misconceptions. If you made errors here, review the "Common Mistakes" section from FAQs.

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📝 REVISION TIPS BASED ON PERFORMANCE

• If you scored below 36: Focus on the basic concepts – proto-industrialisation, why hand labour survived, problems of weavers, and early factories in India. Read the Smart Notes section by section and make your own short notes.
• If you scored 36‑41: You know the basics but are missing finer details. Revise the dates of first mills (1854, 1855, 1861, 1874), the role of jobbers, and the impact of the American Civil War on weavers.
• If you scored 42‑47: You have a good grasp. Focus on 5‑mark answer structures – practice writing answers for "problems of weavers" and "reasons for preferring hand labour".
• If you scored 48‑60: Excellent! Now practice writing answers under timed conditions and attempt the PYQs section to familiarise yourself with board exam patterns.

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