Chapter 1 - Rise of Nationalism in Europe – Class 10 History Important MCQ's (CBSE)

🧠 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Practice these 30 carefully selected MCQs covering all key concepts from the chapter. Includes standard, assertion-reasoning, and case-based questions as per latest CBSE pattern. Perfect for quick revision and self-assessment.

Standard MCQs (1 Mark Each)

Choose the single correct option for questions 1 to 15.

Who among the following was known as the 'Bismarck of Italy' for his role in Italian unification?

(a) Giuseppe Mazzini

(b) Count Camillo de Cavour

(c) Giuseppe Garibaldi

(d) Victor Emmanuel II

Answer: (b) Count Camillo de Cavour
Explanation: Cavour, as Prime Minister of Sardinia-Piedmont, used diplomatic alliances and wars to unify Italy, similar to Bismarck's methods in Germany.
What does the term 'Absolutist' refer to in the context of 19th century Europe?

(a) A government with power sharing between different organs

(b) A regime with unlimited centralized power

(c) A democratic elected government

(d) A constitutional monarchy

Answer: (b) A regime with unlimited centralized power
Explanation: Absolutist regimes had monarchs with absolute authority, no constitutional limitations.
Which event is considered the first clear expression of nationalism in Europe?

(a) The American War of Independence

(b) The French Revolution of 1789

(c) The Unification of Germany

(d) The Greek War of Independence

Answer: (b) The French Revolution of 1789
Explanation: French Revolution transferred sovereignty from monarch to citizens, creating collective identity.
The 'Civil Code of 1804' introduced by Napoleon is also known as:

(a) The Vienna Congress Code

(b) The Napoleonic Code

(c) The Prussian Civil Code

(d) The Liberal Code

Answer: (b) The Napoleonic Code
Who hosted the Congress of Vienna in 1815?

(a) Otto von Bismarck

(b) Duke Metternich

(c) Count Cavour

(d) Giuseppe Garibaldi

Answer: (b) Duke Metternich
Explanation: Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich hosted the Congress.
Which German state took the lead in unifying Germany?

(a) Austria

(b) Prussia

(c) Bavaria

(d) Hanover

Answer: (b) Prussia
What does the allegorical figure 'Germania' symbolize?

(a) French nation

(b) British nation

(c) German nation

(d) Italian nation

Answer: (c) German nation
The Frankfurt Parliament was convened in which year?

(a) 1815

(b) 1830

(c) 1848

(d) 1871

Answer: (c) 1848
Which region was referred to as the 'powder keg of Europe' due to nationalist tensions?

(a) The Balkans

(b) Scandinavia

(c) Iberian Peninsula

(d) British Isles

Answer: (a) The Balkans
Explanation: Intense rivalry among European powers over Balkan territories created explosive situation.
What was the main aim of the Treaty of Vienna (1815)?

(a) To spread French revolutionary ideas

(b) To undo Napoleonic changes and restore monarchies

(c) To promote democracy in Europe

(d) To unify Germany and Italy

Answer: (b) To undo Napoleonic changes and restore monarchies
Who was proclaimed the King of united Italy in 1861?

(a) Napoleon Bonaparte

(b) Victor Emmanuel II

(c) Kaiser William I

(d) Louis Philippe

Answer: (b) Victor Emmanuel II
Which French artist prepared a series of prints visualising a world free of social divisions?

(a) Eugène Delacroix

(b) Frédéric Sorrieu

(c) Caspar David Friedrich

(d) Johann Gottfried Herder

Answer: (b) Frédéric Sorrieu
What was the significance of the Zollverein formed in 1834?

(a) Created common German language

(b) Established customs union removing tariff barriers

(c) Formed German military alliance

(d) Created German parliament

Answer: (b) Established customs union removing tariff barriers
Explanation: Zollverein created economic unity before political unification.
Which Italian revolutionary founded 'Young Italy'?

(a) Giuseppe Garibaldi

(b) Giuseppe Mazzini

(c) Count Cavour

(d) Victor Emmanuel

Answer: (b) Giuseppe Mazzini
What did the broken chain symbolize in Sorrieu's prints?

(a) End of slavery

(b) Freedom from autocracy

(c) Break from British rule

(d) End of monarchy

Answer: (b) Freedom from autocracy

Assertion-Reasoning Questions (1 Mark Each)

Directions: For questions 16 to 25, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Choose the correct option:

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

(d) A is false but R is true

Assertion (A): The Napoleonic Code was welcomed by people in territories conquered by Napoleon.
Reason (R): The Code abolished feudal privileges and established equality before law.
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
Explanation: While Code brought reforms, people resented French control and taxation.
Assertion (A): The Treaty of Vienna (1815) successfully maintained peace in Europe for decades.
Reason (R): The Treaty restored conservative regimes and prevented revolutionary changes.
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false
Explanation: Peace lasted till 1914, but revolutions occurred in 1830 and 1848.
Assertion (A): Giuseppe Garibaldi is called the 'Sword of Italian Unification'.
Reason (R): He led the Red Shirts to conquer Sicily and Naples.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Assertion (A): The Frankfurt Parliament failed to achieve German unification.
Reason (R): It had no army to enforce its decisions.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Assertion (A): Britain did not experience revolution in 1848 unlike other European countries.
Reason (R): Britain had already undergone significant political reforms.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Assertion (A): After 1848, nationalism became associated with imperialism.
Reason (R): Nationalist groups started using aggressive means to achieve their goals.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Assertion (A): The Greek War of Independence (1821) gained support from Europeans.
Reason (R): Greece was seen as the cradle of European civilization fighting Ottoman rule.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Assertion (A): Romanticism played important role in developing nationalist sentiments.
Reason (R): Romantic artists emphasized emotions, intuition, and shared cultural heritage.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Assertion (A): The 1830s were years of great economic hardship in Europe.
Reason (R): There was rapid increase in population leading to unemployment.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Assertion (A): Marianne became the allegory of the French Republic.
Reason (R): Her statues were erected in public squares to remind people of national symbols.
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Case-Based Questions (1 Mark Each)

For questions 26 to 30, read the case/source carefully and answer.

Case: "When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches cold." - Duke Metternich
What does this statement imply about French influence?

(a) France's economic power dominated Europe

(b) Revolutionary ideas from France spread across Europe

(c) French military was superior to others

(d) French culture was adopted by all Europeans

Answer: (b) Revolutionary ideas from France spread across Europe
Case: "Nationalism no longer retained its idealistic liberal democratic sentiment but became a narrow creed with limited ends."
This change occurred mainly:

(a) During French Revolution

(b) After 1848 revolutions

(c) During Romantic period

(d) Before 1815

Answer: (b) After 1848 revolutions
Explanation: Post-1848, nationalism became linked with power politics.
Case: In Sorrieu's print, people of Europe and America march past statue of Liberty offering homage.
What do the distinct peoples, yet united procession, symbolize?

(a) Worldwide democracy and republic

(b) French dominance over world

(c) End of all monarchies

(d) Spread of Christianity

Answer: (a) Worldwide democracy and republic
Case: The July Revolution of 1830 in France led to overthrow of Bourbon kings.
What was its impact on Europe?

(a) Inspired revolutions in Belgium, Poland, Italy

(b) Led to unification of Germany

(c) Ended all monarchies in Europe

(d) Strengthened conservative forces

Answer: (a) Inspired revolutions in Belgium, Poland, Italy
Case: The 1848 revolution in France abolished monarchy and established republic based on universal male suffrage.
Which group particularly benefited from this?

(a) Aristocrats and nobles

(b) Working class and peasants

(c) Only property owners

(d) Foreign merchants

Answer: (b) Working class and peasants
Explanation: Universal male suffrage gave political power to common people.

📝 How to Use This Section Effectively

First attempt: Try all questions without looking at answers

Check answers: Compare your responses with provided answers

Review mistakes: For wrong answers, revisit the related concept in Smart Notes

Time yourself: Aim to complete 30 MCQs within 20-25 minutes

Revise regularly: Re-attempt questions you found difficult after 2-3 days

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